To evaluate the causes and effects of the Montserrat eruption and suggest sustainable ways to rebuild the island
Starter : Read the intro of the wikipedia page on Montserrat and take five notes of the features you find most relevant about this island.
Task 1 - Study the Google maps below and make three notes of the physical characteristics of the island of Montserrat.
Task 2 - Study the BBC bitesize case study in the textbox below and, on your exercise book, answer the questions that follow it. (Click to open)
Case study: Chances Peak, Montserrat, 1995-97 - an LEDC
Plymouth covered in ash from volcanic eruptions on Montserrat
Montserrat is a small island in the Caribbean. There is a volcanic area located in the south of the island on Soufriere Hills called Chances Peak . Before 1995 it had been dormant for over 300 years. In 1995 the volcano began to give off warning signs of an eruption (small earthquakes and eruptions of dust and ash). Once Chances Peak had woken up it then remained active for five years. The most intense eruptions occurred in 1997.
During this time, Montserrat was devastated by pyroclastic flows . The small population of the island (11,000 people) was evacuated in 1995 to the north of Montserrat as well as to neighbouring islands and the UK.
Despite the evacuations, 19 people were killed by the eruptions as a small group of people chose to stay behind to watch over their crops.
Volcanic eruptions and lahars have destroyed large areas of Montserrat. The capital, Plymouth, has been covered in layers of ash and mud. Many homes and buildings have been destroyed, including the only hospital, the airport and many roads.
The graphic shows the progress of the eruption and its impact on the island.
Montserrat - eruption progress and impact
Short-term responses and results
- Evacuation.
- Abandonment of the capital city.
- The British government gave money for compensation and redevelopment.
- Unemployment rose due to the collapse of the tourist industry.
Long-term responses and results
- An exclusion zone was set up in the volcanic region.
- A volcanic observatory was built to monitor the volcano.
- New roads and a new airport were built.
- Services in the north of the island were expanded.
- The presence of the volcano resulted in a growth in tourism.
Volcanic activity has calmed down in recent years and people have begun to return to the island.
You might be asked to consider the values and attitudes or opinions of people involved in the eruption, such as refugees or aid workers for example.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/natural_hazards/volcanoes_rev6.shtml
https://www.bbc.com/bitesize/guides/zgh79qt/revision/6
Click here to view http://www.coolgeography.co.uk/A-level/AQA/Year%2013/Plate%20Tectonics/Extra_case_studies/Montserrat.htm As a precaution, Firefly only embeds content that has a certificate to prove it's sent over the web securely.
http://www.coolgeography.co.uk/A-level/AQA/Year%2013/Plate%20Tectonics/Extra_case_studies/Montserrat.htm
Questions : a. Define i. pyroclastic flows, ii. evacuated, iii. lahar b. Describe the short-term and long-term responses and results.
Task 3 - Watch the video below and complement your notes with additional information.
Task 4 - You have been asked to rebuild Montserrat following the volcanic eruption. You have been given £84,000 (£21,000 per year) to spend over 4 years but must make sure you spend it wisely and consider where to put your new facilities on your map. Your teacher will give you a copy of the document below:
- montserrat restructuring priorities SEN.docx
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Volcano Montserrat Case Study
Subject: Geography
Age range: 11-14
Resource type: Lesson (complete)
Last updated
5 June 2023
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SoW: Why do People Live with Tectonic Events?
L1: What’s the structure of the earth? - Free Download - https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/resource-12495305
This unit is created in line with my personal passion for tectonic hazards. This unit is framed around both the physical and human landscapes within Russia, and the process and systems within them. A conscience effect has also been made to embed dual coding within this SoW, as well as much differentiation and debating.
This Unit is my favorite to deliver and and been stream lined over the last two years. Happy to answer questions and any feedback appreciated…
Dual Coding:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=16SBht2iF_k&ab_channel=ResearchED https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vsKBWsW2Unw&ab_channel=ResearchED
L1: What’s the structure of the earth? (Free Download) L2: How do volcanoes form? L3: Where do volcanoes and earthquakes occur? L4: What Hazards are Caused by Volcanoes? L5: What made the Sichuan, 2008 earthquake so devastating? L6: How can Montserrat prepare for future eruptions? L7: How do developed countries respond to hotspot volcanoes?
It is worth noting that some of these lessons require two lessons to be delivered.
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Montserrat Case Study
- Created by: tom.belayneh
- Created on: 16-02-14 15:04
Montserrat is a small island is situated in the Caribbean and 12 miles long and 7 miles wide. Chances Peak Volanco erupted extremely violently and for the first time in over 300 years on 25 June 1997 at approximately 1 p.m. Chances Peak is located on the Soufiere Hills which is the highest point in Montserrat .
Montserrat is situated on a destructive plate boundary which is where two different plates meet, and one plate is subducted underneath the other. In this case the North American plate is being subducted underneath the Caribbean continental plate. This causes large amounts of friction and heat which melts the rock resulting in magma building up underneath the Caribbean plate. When the pressure reaches a high level, the magma is then forced up and out of the Caribbean plate in the form of a volcanic eruption.
1. The pyroclastic flow from the volcanic eruption covered at least 4km squared of land.
2. A significant amount of lava covered large parts of Montserrat …
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IMAGES
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Ash from the Soufrière Hills volcano caused the destruction of Montserrat's capital, Plymouth Secondary effects Volcanic eruptions can lead to climate change .
Task 1 - Study the Google maps below and make three notes of the physical characteristics of the island of Montserrat. Task 2 - Study the BBC bitesize case study in the textbox below and, on your exercise book, answer the questions that follow it. (Click to open) https://www.bbc.com/bitesize/guides/zgh79qt/revision/6
Case study Previous page Methods of prediction and planning In National 4 Geography study the causes and effects of different types of environmental hazards and how to manage their impacts.
Montserrat (a British Overseas territory) is a small island in the Caribbean. It is part of the Leeward Islands in a chain of islands known as the Lesser Antilles. It measures 16km long and 11 km wide. The Soufriere Hills contains a volcanic area called Chances Peak, in the Southern part of the Island.
TIMELINE Getty Images Eruption and lava flow from the Soufriere Hills volcano in 2018 Some key dates in the history of Montserrat: 1493 - Navigator Christopher Columbus sights the island which he...
Causes. The cause of the eruption was because of radio active decay in the earths core. The radioactive decay caused convection currents and magma to well up in the cracks of the earths surface. The Soufrière Hills volcano produces a sticky lava called Andesite. It builds at the top of the volcano in a dome until it collapses into pyroclastic ...
Known as the 'Emerald Isle' Montserrat is largely undeveloped with a few towns and one main city - Plymouth Montserrat is also located on the boundary between the Caribbean and North American plates, this is a destructive plate boundary so the volcano that Montserrat is built around is of a composite nature.
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SoW: L1: What's the structure of the earth? (Free Download) L2: How do volcanoes form? L3: Where do volcanoes and earthquakes occur? L4: What Hazards are Caused by Volcanoes? L5: What made the Sichuan, 2008 earthquake so devastating? L6: How can Montserrat prepare for future eruptions? L7: How do developed countries respond to hotspot volcanoes?
Montserrat Case Study Location: Montserrat is a small island is situated in the Caribbean and 12 miles long and 7 miles wide. Chances Peak Volanco erupted extremely violently and for the first time in over 300 years on 25 June 1997 at approximately 1 p.m. Chances Peak is located on the Soufiere Hills which is the highest point in Montserrat.
Population. Sixty one people died due to mudflows, being crushed to death and poisonous gases, while 198 had to be rescued. Mudflows destroyed bridges, houses and logging camps. The explosion flattened buildings and trees and knocked out power supplies and telephones. Ash clouds resulted in airline flights being cancelled.
Incessant activity. This is the reality for those living in the shadow of Soufriere Hills. Last month, Montserratians marked 20 years since the start of the volcanic crisis which has rendered two ...
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What is the name of the volcano on Montserrat? Chances peak. When did the eruption begin? 18 July 1995. When was the most powerful eruption? 25 June 1997. How many people were killed? 19 (in the 1997 eruption where they refused to evacuate) How much of the island was covered in ash?
Montserrat: A Case Study of a Volcanic Eruption Blog - Recent Tectonic Events location: Montserrat is a small volcanic island and is part of the Antilles Islands, at its largest is no more than 12km by 8km. It is known as the 'Emerald Island' and is mountainous with plenty of woodland.
Eyjafjallajokull is a volcano located in Iceland. The name is a description of the volcano with Eyja meaning island; fjalla meaning mountain; and jokull meaning glacier. You can find out how to pronounce Eyjafjallajokull on the BBC website. Eyjafjallajökull consists of a volcano completely covered by an ice cap.
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