To evaluate the causes and effects of the Montserrat eruption and suggest sustainable ways to rebuild the island

Starter : Read the intro of the wikipedia page on Montserrat and take five notes of the features you find most relevant about this island. 

Task 1 - Study the Google maps below and make three notes of the physical characteristics of the island of Montserrat. 

Task 2 - Study the BBC bitesize case study in the textbox below and, on your exercise book, answer the questions that follow it.  (Click to open) 

Case study: Chances Peak, Montserrat, 1995-97 - an LEDC

Plymouth covered in ash from volcanic eruptions on Montserrat

Montserrat is a small island in the Caribbean. There is a volcanic area located in the south of the island on Soufriere Hills called Chances Peak . Before 1995 it had been dormant for over 300 years. In 1995 the volcano began to give off warning signs of an eruption (small earthquakes and eruptions of dust and ash). Once Chances Peak had woken up it then remained active for five years. The most intense eruptions occurred in 1997.

During this time, Montserrat was devastated by pyroclastic flows . The small population of the island (11,000 people) was evacuated in 1995 to the north of Montserrat as well as to neighbouring islands and the UK.

Despite the evacuations, 19 people were killed by the eruptions as a small group of people chose to stay behind to watch over their crops.

Volcanic eruptions and lahars have destroyed large areas of Montserrat. The capital, Plymouth, has been covered in layers of ash and mud. Many homes and buildings have been destroyed, including the only hospital, the airport and many roads.

The graphic shows the progress of the eruption and its impact on the island.

Montserrat - eruption progress and impact

Short-term responses and results

  • Evacuation.
  • Abandonment of the capital city.
  • The British government gave money for compensation and redevelopment.
  • Unemployment rose due to the collapse of the tourist industry.

Long-term responses and results

  • An exclusion zone was set up in the volcanic region.
  • A volcanic observatory was built to monitor the volcano.
  • New roads and a new airport were built.
  • Services in the north of the island were expanded.
  • The presence of the volcano resulted in a growth in tourism.

Volcanic activity has calmed down in recent years and people have begun to return to the island.

You might be asked to consider the values and attitudes or opinions of people involved in the eruption, such as refugees or aid workers for example.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/natural_hazards/volcanoes_rev6.shtml 

https://www.bbc.com/bitesize/guides/zgh79qt/revision/6

Click here to view http://www.coolgeography.co.uk/A-level/AQA/Year%2013/Plate%20Tectonics/Extra_case_studies/Montserrat.htm As a precaution, Firefly only embeds content that has a certificate to prove it's sent over the web securely.

http://www.coolgeography.co.uk/A-level/AQA/Year%2013/Plate%20Tectonics/Extra_case_studies/Montserrat.htm

Questions :       a. Define i. pyroclastic flows, ii. evacuated, iii. lahar                                                 b. Describe the short-term and long-term responses and results.

Task 3 - Watch the video below and complement your notes with additional information. 

Task 4 - You have been asked to rebuild Montserrat following the volcanic eruption. You have been given £84,000 (£21,000 per year) to spend over 4 years but must make sure you spend it wisely and consider where to put your new facilities on your map. Your teacher will give you a copy of the document below: 

  • montserrat restructuring priorities SEN.docx
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Volcano Montserrat Case Study

Volcano Montserrat Case Study

Subject: Geography

Age range: 11-14

Resource type: Lesson (complete)

The Geography Shop

Last updated

5 June 2023

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pptx, 9.29 MB

SoW: Why do People Live with Tectonic Events?

L1: What’s the structure of the earth? - Free Download - https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/resource-12495305

This unit is created in line with my personal passion for tectonic hazards. This unit is framed around both the physical and human landscapes within Russia, and the process and systems within them. A conscience effect has also been made to embed dual coding within this SoW, as well as much differentiation and debating.

This Unit is my favorite to deliver and and been stream lined over the last two years. Happy to answer questions and any feedback appreciated…

[email protected]

Dual Coding:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=16SBht2iF_k&ab_channel=ResearchED https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vsKBWsW2Unw&ab_channel=ResearchED

L1: What’s the structure of the earth? (Free Download) L2: How do volcanoes form? L3: Where do volcanoes and earthquakes occur? L4: What Hazards are Caused by Volcanoes? L5: What made the Sichuan, 2008 earthquake so devastating? L6: How can Montserrat prepare for future eruptions? L7: How do developed countries respond to hotspot volcanoes?

It is worth noting that some of these lessons require two lessons to be delivered.

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Montserrat Case Study

  • Created by: tom.belayneh
  • Created on: 16-02-14 15:04

Montserrat  is a small island is situated in the Caribbean and 12 miles long and 7 miles wide. Chances Peak Volanco erupted extremely violently and for the first time in over 300 years on 25 June 1997 at approximately 1 p.m. Chances Peak is located on the Soufiere Hills which is the highest point in Montserrat .

(http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/caribb/montserratcarib.gif)

Montserrat is situated on a destructive plate boundary which is where two different plates meet, and one plate is subducted underneath the other. In this case the North American plate is being subducted underneath the Caribbean continental plate. This   causes large amounts of friction and heat which melts the rock resulting in magma building up underneath the Caribbean plate. When the pressure reaches a high level, the magma is then forced up and out of the Caribbean plate in the form of a volcanic eruption.  

1.      The pyroclastic flow from the volcanic eruption covered at least 4km squared of land.

2.      A significant amount of lava covered large parts of Montserrat …

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